Improvement in engravings-machines



' Miti JOHN C. GUERRANT ANDl BENTON J. FIELD, OF LEAKSVILLE,

NORTH CAROLINA.

Letters Patent No. 83,708, dated November 3, 1868.

To all whom it -ma/y concer-n:

Beit known that we, JOHN 0. GUERRANT and BEN- TON J. FIELD, of Leaksville, in the county of Rockingham, and State of North Caroline., have invented a new and improved Engraving-Machine; and we do hereby declare that the following is a' full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part oi' this specification.

This invention relatesto improvements on the engraving-machinc patented to. ns, December 18, 1.866, No. 60,506, and November 5, 1867, No. 70,555

It consists in improvements in the construction and arrangement of several material parts of the said machine, and in the addition thereto of improved appaatus to facilitate and control the operation 'of the graving-tools. whereby the ,-eld of usefulness of the said machine is materially extended, and whereby also the care and skill required to operate the said machine are materially lessened, as will be fully described on reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l represents a side elevation of our improved machine, with some parts broken away;

Figure 2 represents a front end elevation, with some of the guides for the stock of the graving-tool shown in red and some in blue;

` Figure 3 represents a partial front end view, showing other guides for the graver-stock in red and blue;

Figure 4 represents a partial rear end elevation, showing the graverl and the arrangement of means for pri'i .its

Figure "represents a side view of the rear portion of the machine, partly in elevation and partly in se@ tion;

Figure 6 represents a plan view of the means for holding cylinders or rings to. be engraved;

represents a horizontal section of the. rear part of -the machine, taken-onthe line a: x of iig. 5;

, Figure 8 represents a front elevation of mechanism for-'actuating the stan" to produce circles and ellipses;

Figure 9 represents a horizontal section of the same onthelinezxofi'gS; l

Figure 10 represents a rear elevation of a portion of iig. 8; and

Figure 11 represents a detail of 'the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. y

A represents the table of the machine, provided with suitable supports, A', and bracing-ties, A.

Bircpresents the stall', for. actuating the gravingtool, and is provided, at its inner end, lwith the curved.

b kets B', by which it is jointed to the upper end of th vertical-oscillating shaft B. i B represents a -swinging frame-jointed to the upper en d of the brackets B, and provided with a right-angled projection, to which the weighted arm, B, is connected, and which supports, in a tapered hole through the lower end, a tapered holder, B5, the axis of which is coincident with the staff B.

The said holder is provided with a socket, wherein the tools, B, are held..

.lhc said tool-holder is tightened up in the holder B3, by means of the 'adjustable crotehed bracket, B',

.which is adjustably secured to the luider side of the frame B3 by a set-screw.

0 represents another swinging frame, pivoted to the frame B3 at the top, and suspended in front of the graving-tool, whereit is provided with a presser-plate, c2, which is connected to the pendent frame in a manner to allow it to oscillate freely in any direction from the axis of the stai` and glaring-tool.l

It is provided with a ceniual opening for the tool, and with two or any other number of rounded projections, 0, (see iig. 4,) which bear upon the face of the plate which is being engraved, and govern the depth of the cut of the tool, as will presently appear The stati' B is provided with an axial opening, wherein a rod, 0*, is arranged, the outer end being provided with a-suitable handle, and the inner end with an enlargement, 0", which is socketed to receive the short mandrel of a pulley, 0, the other end of which is connected by a. ball-and-socket joint to the tool-holder B, whereby the said holder may be admitted to be moved out of the same axial line with the rodO, without cramping or preventing the efficient operation of the two together.

It is sometimes desirable, as in stencil-cutting, which is readily accomplished with this' machineto substitute a drill for the graving-tool, and give it rotary motion by applying a belt, from any suitable dlivingmechanism, to the pulley 0, which may be conven-l `ientlydone, and at the same time admit of all the necessary vibratory movements of the stati B to directthe tool, by reason of the arrangement of the said pulley 06 in the vertical and longitudinal axis of the said staff. l

The shaft of `the pulley is provided with a rightangled pin, 0', which communicates rotary motion to the. tool-holder B", by contact with 'a pin, 0, in the said holder.

l) represents a screwed rod, which works in a stud, D-, rising from4 the portion of the frame Bs which sup ports the tool-holder.

The inner end of the said screwed rod is arranged to bear upon the swinging frame 0, to'whioh the adjustable presser 0 is secured. y

The other end of the screwed rod Dis connected to the rod D by a connection at D, which will admit the 4screwed rod D tobc rotated by the rod D, while the latter will not interfere with the longitudinal movement oi' the rod l), or with the movement ofthe latter around the axis from which it issuslwnlled.

The outer end of the rod 1)"i is suspended in an adjustable bearing, 1)", rising up from the sta-iiA B, near its front end.

E represents a curved pattern-plate, supported on the posts E', rising u i from a curvgd bar, E, secured adjustably to the topo -the table A, so that it may be readily adjusted to or from the contre oi' motion ofthe sta-ii' B.

rlhe said plate may be made oi' glass, if preierred, whereby, when the copy, which is secured thereon in any suitable manner by clamps, is made on paper, the line lines may be more distinctly seen.

E represents a spring-winter or stylus, which is provided with a spring-grund, lil, and znljustably connected to the erotched swinging support lili, which is also adjustably supported on an a'uljustable collar, E, on the stati' B.

vThe stock ofthe spring1 ointer is provided with an adjustable arm, El, whereon a magnifying-glass may be set up before the copy, when it is of such a nature as to require it.

F represents a sliding plate arranged upon the face of the table,'at the rear end, best seen in fig. 7 which is designed for the support ofthe mechanism for holding the plates 'to be engraved. It is provided with a vertical tlange, F'.

F represents a disk seemed to the table A, and provided with a tubular extension, Fl, projecting downwards through the table A, and provided also with an annular recess, 14, in the' lower portion oi' its iace.

Fi' represents another disk-arranged upon the disk F, and provided, also, with a tubular lprojection, F6, which tits into and projects through the extension F3 of the disk F.

The axial post Bi, which supports the stai B, is snpported in the said extension F, and is made adj ustable vertically thereon, by means ofthe nuts F and F", orA

by any other suitable means.

F represents a set-'screw,entering the extension F through a slot in the extension Fi, for the purpose of holding the said extension F and the axial post B" together, so that oscillating motion may be communicated from the said post to the disklii. 4

The rear side of the' disk E* is provided with a radial extension, F, having a central slot, F, and a ledge, 11", projecting downward from the lower side, behind the lange l1 of the plate F. y

F replesents a steel or other suitable belt, secured at each end to the plate F, near the ends of th'e same,

.and encircling the disk E in the annular recess Ft In the front face of the said disk, a radial socket is formed, and provided witha set-screw, lF, so arranged as to force the band Fm into the said. socket, for the purpose of tightening it.

'lothe plate F is a'dj ustably connected another plate, G, to which is pivoted the-vertical plate G, for supporting the slide- G, whereon the plate to be engraved is secured, also in an adjustable manner.

The plate G* is connected at each end, by set-screws, tothe ears or lugs Gr, and is provided on its rear side, near the centre, with the swinging brace G, whereby the said plate may be adjusted to any desired inclination, with reference-to the stati' B, by means 'of a setsclew in the lug Gi, on the plate G, or in any other manner.

' H represents a yoke, supported by the rods Hf upon another yoke, H", which is connected, Athrough the lever Hs and connecting-rod 1`1*,to the -foot-treadlek1i";

The arm by which the weightB* is connected to the swinging frame B, passes between the arms of the yoke H, the purpose ot which will presently appear.

' I represents an adjustable collar on the staff B, near the front end, having inits lower a swivel-stud, Il, provided with a slot in its hed, whichtakcs onto a horizontal slide, I, resting in the top of the vertical rods l, pivoted at the lowerends to-the long arms of the balancillg-iiame l", which is pivoted to the crossties Ai of the frame, and provided with a balancing- Weight, 1"', at the rear end.

When a plate is to be engraved, it is secure-ed, by adjustable clamps, t0 the holding-plate G, and properly` adjusted. with reference' to the graving-tool and the stali', so that the pointer will stand at about the centre of the proposed engraving; and the copy ofthe design to bc engraved thereon is secured to the copy-holding plate hij ',lhe support of the copy-holding plate E is then adjusted to or'i'rom the'vertical support B2' oi the stati", inl proportion as the engraving is to be reduced in size from the copy. A v

The pointer l1 is then adjusted on the stati', to admit it to stand at about the centre of the copy when the sta-ii' stands at right angles to the platelholder G2, both vertically and horizontally; and finally, the weight B* is adjusted on its arm,to the proper position to causo the glaring-tool to bear on the plate with snieienl. force ,to cause it to make the hair-lines, when the machine is ready to be operated.

The operator, then taking thefront end of the stall in his hand, and moving it so as to bring the pointer to the beginning of the copy, having first, by his foot applied to the treadle H5, raised the weighted arm of' the swinging frame B3, so as to remove the tool from Contact with the plate to be engraved, through the medium of the yoke H, will then, by moving it, so as to cause the pointer to follow the lines of the copy, produce on the plate a fac simile, in the opposite direction, of the copy, except as to size, which will bear the same proportion to 'the copy as the distance ofthe giaving-tool from the centre of oscillation is to the distance of the pointer from the said centre.

The support o i'- the stati- B may be adjusted to or from the holding-plate Gi* in the brackets of theaxial post B2, for the pnr'pose of changing the vertical and horizontal measurements of the ligure to be cnt, with reference to each other, which will be eii'ected by suoli change, by reason of the arrangement ofthe plate to move with the tool, to some extent, around the axis ofthe stai'llholder in the hereinafter-described adjustment of the said plate at right angles'- with the sta-if.

proper action of the graver on the plate, the same may be materially compensated for by adjusting the collar E ofthe pointer so as to incline the pointer in either direction to reach the copy, andyet admit the staifto remain perpendicular to the platev which is--being env graved, and which may be adjusted on the holdingplate i by moving the plate G past the graving-tool from time to time.

But by leason ofthe arrangement which will now bedescribed, the necessity for the above-described adj nstments is materially lessened.

By lea-son of the connection of the plate F-to the disk F2, by means of the belt F, and to the disk Fj by the ange F, and the ledges on the radial extensions F'", the plate to be engraved may be always maintained in a position at right angles with the staif B, and may also be passed along infront ofthe tool, for which pm'pose the rod K is provided and connected to the disk F5, and also connected` to the stati' B, near the front end, so that .when the stati' moves in the hom'- zontal plane, it will move with it, and communicate motion to the said disk F5, hut will noft move with the staff in a veitical plane.

ing, 1t', thc axis of which is coincident with the axis oi' the ring 1t"'.

1n front of' the lvoke R" is supported anotl'rer ring, R", by the adjustable plate Ri, which isA provided with internal gear-teeth, and with a plain internal surface.

R represents another ring fitting within the plain portion of' the ring it?,

The f'ront laces of the rings lt and R are curved to a radial line intersecting the vertical axis upon which the plate It* oscillates.

A 'RW represents a crank-shaft, which is vsupported in the bearing it", and which is provided with a pinion, It", and is supported at its outer' end in a curved slot ted bar, lt", which is adjustable from the horizontal axis ofthe rings It* and It" in any direction, and is secured totheln by set-screws.

it represents a small shaft, havingahearing in the rim ot'the ring R, and is provided with pinions, lt and it, and with thulnb-nuts on each end.

Within the ring lt" is arranged a ring, lt', which is provided with a screw, 1t", intersecting its axis at right angles, aud'having a sleeve, It, to which a rod, lt', is

connected by a universal joint.

The said rod is designed to be connected with the staff B, by inserting the end thereof in the axial bore of' the staff, the rod C* bein f removed therefrom.

AThe said rod may be provi ed with an annular groove, whereby it may beheld in connection with the stati' by a set-screw.

The shatt R is connected to the screw R." also by a universal joint, so that it may wlnniuncate rotary motion to the ring R, which supports the said screw. To produce concentric rings on the plate to be en graved, the sleeve'to which the rod R" vis connected is adjusted to oneside of the axis of the ring R, and rotary motion communicated to it' by the hand-crank shaft R1.

If it be desiredtoproduce a border of concentric rings, the position of the plate R, which supports the mechanism shown in fig.. 8, is changed by the hand-cranks Il and L, after each single. ring is marie, and in order` to arrest the rotary movement of` the ring R, always at the same place to form the said rings correctly, and to leave the iinished ring, and commence the new one always at the same point, a snap-pin, R2, is'provided in `the ring R?, which drops into a socket in theface ofthe I sn al.

'o form an ellipse with the longestdiameter in a horizontal direction, the plate R* is adjusted horizontally .around its axis ofl motion, and to make an'ellipse hav ing its vertical diameter the longest, the slotted bar R" is adjusted vertically, to present the face of the ring 1t at the same angle, relatively to the plate to be engraved vertically, that it presents to it horizontallyY when adjusted by the lLate R, as before described.

The slotted ar R" maybe also adjusted at any inclinatio'n from the vertical line, and thereby the ellipse may be made with its long or short diameters irr any direction. v I To produce borders of ellipses, the same movements may be givento the supports of the ring R5 by the handcranks, as before described with reference to making borders 'of concentric rings.

It will be perceived that various figures and combinations of figures may, with great facility, be produced by this mechanism; as, for instance, by sliding the bar R", so as to bring the pinion RK* into gear with the pinion 1t, a series of 'concentric rings or" ellipses may be made around a common centre, and by the use o'f the hand-cranks, as before described, borders or other figures of such devices may be made.

Tb'slotted plate R" is adjusted around the rings, and maintained in any position, by means of the pinion R, its axle, and the thumb-nuts, as will be readily understood.

l To engrave the surface of a cylinder, or the internal surface ot` a ring, the holding-plate G* is detached, and' above the holder G", a gear-wheel, G, and below the holder it is provided with a nut, G.

The lower termination ofthe shank works in the slot- F,.of' the extension F'"ot' the disk F.

G" represents a rack, which is adiustably connectedI to the upper face of the holder G", so as to admit the teeth of" the pinion i to gear into the teeth of the said rack.

.lfthe oylindrimtl article is to be engraved on the inbrate-d -and caused to slide past the tool, as heretoforel described, by the action of the disks F2 and F, the projection ofthe shank G into the slot F will cause the chuck to be rnairrtaiued inthe axial line of the staff B, wl 1ere-by the holder must slide with reference to it, and as the rack Gr'" moves with the slide, it will communicate rotary mot-ion to the chuck on its own axis, thereby revolving the article to be engraved as the work is progressing.

When a cylindrical article is to be engraved on the outside, the rack Gmis changed to the opposite side of the pinion, which causes it t'o rotate in the opposite direction, the other parts working in the same manner .as above described. l

Dotted lines rnay be produced, when desired, by the application ofthe foot to the treadle Hso as to alternately move the tool into and out of contact with the plate.

It will` be obvious that theconstruction and arrangement of the various lappliances which have been hereinbefore described, for effecting the varied movements of the stati' and the holdingsapparatus, may be very'una-- terially varied without departing from the spirit of our invention.

XVe, therefore, do" not limit ourselves to the partic- 'y ular construction and arrangements which we have described, but propose to avail ourselves of such modifi-` cations and changes of construction and arrangement as may seem best adaptedvfor effecting the operations of the graving-tools and holding-plates'hereinbefore described.

XVe claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1, The combination, with the graving-tool, of an ad.-

justable presser, substantially as and forthe purposev described.

2. The `stock O, of the graving-tool, provided with the pulley O", for communicating rotarymotion thereto, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The disk F, provided with the recess and setscrew- F, for tightening the belt F, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination, with the slotted holder Gs and the slotted disk F, of the chuck G7, provided with the shank G", substantially as and for the purpose described.'

5. The combination, with the holder G,of the toothed rack, and the pinion G, on the shank of the chuck, or the equivalent thereof; substantially as and for the purpose described. .v

6. The chuck G7, adjustable in a horizontal plane, coincident with the vertical axis of the graver-support, substantially as 'and for the purpose described.

7. The chuck G', provided with means for givingit rota-ry motion on its own axis, While it is adjusted in the horizontal plane o'f the vertical support of the grave' ing-tool, substantially as and' for'thc purpose described. 8. The combination, with the weighted gmversup portingV frame, of the yoke H and treadle H, suitably connect-ed thereto, substantially as und l'or tbc purpose described.

. 10. 'llre combination, with the rod D, of the rollers L and L", and the frame L", or its equivalent, for actuating the said rollers, substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. The combination, with the staff B, of the slide L', provided with a vert-ical guide wnnected to the stati', substantially as and for the purpose described.

l2. The combiruttiou, witlrtlre stati' B, of 'a verticallyadjustable rest, I', subsmntially as and for the purpose described.

13. 'llre combination, with the stall' B, of a counterpoised tianre, I, substantially as and for the pru'pose described.

14. The combina-tion, with the staff B and adjustable rest I2, of the adjustable gauge, for producing wavelines, substantially' asand for the purl'rose described.

15. The combination, with the stati' B and slide L', of the adjustable gauge @substantially as and for the purpose described.

16. The combination, with the staff B and adjustable rest 1*, of the gauge P, substantially as and for the purpose described.

17. The combination, with the staif B and adjustable rest I, of the mechanism, substantially as described, for producing circles and ellipses, as and for the purpose specified.

yoke [mand crank-shaft It", connected to the screw lt", by a universal joint, substantially as and for the purpose described.

19. The combination, with the crank-shaft R, of

the rings lt and R, slotted plate R", shatt R, and pi nior is 1t and R, substantially as and for the purpose described.

20. The mechanism for actuating the sta', for producing circles, arranged for iuljustrnent in a horizontal plaire, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2l. The combination, with the rings R5 and R, of the spring-snap R, substantiallyas andfor the purpose described.

222-. The combination, with the crankshaft R" and yoke R", of the Vadiustable slotted plate R? and rings it and R, for effecting the adjustment of the ring R, substantially as and for the purpose described.

23. 'llre combination of the adjustable copy-holding scribed.

JOHN O. GUERRAN T. BENTON J. FIELD.

\Vitnesses:

FRANK BLocKLEY, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

18. The wrnbination, with ring R, of the ring Rm,

plate with the adjustable pointer, and with the gravingf. 

